![]() However, phenotypic analysis in plants carrying cell wall-related mutations has proven particularly difficult. Many genes thought to be responsible for plant wall biosynthesis and modification have been identified ( Burton et al., 2005 Lerouxel et al., 2006 Mohnen et al., 2008), and 15% of the Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana) genome is likely devoted to these functions ( Carpita et al., 2001). Plant cell wall materials are also important sources of human and animal nutrition, natural textile fibers, paper and wood products, and raw materials for biofuel production ( Somerville, 2007). The current world-wide toolkit of approximately 180 glycan-directed antibodies from various laboratories provides a large and diverse set of probes for studies of plant cell wall structure, function, dynamics, and biosynthesis.Ĭell walls play important roles in the structure, physiology, growth, and development of plants ( Carpita and Gibeaut, 1993). Thus, these cell wall glycan-directed mAbs should be viewed and utilized as epitope-specific, rather than polymer-specific, probes. The epitopes recognized by many of the mAbs in the toolkit, particularly those recognizing arabinose- and/or galactose-containing structures, are present on more than one glycan class, consistent with the known structural diversity and complexity of plant cell wall glycans. In most cases, multiple subclades of antibodies were observed to bind to each glycan class, suggesting that the mAbs in these subgroups recognize distinct epitopes present on the cell wall glycans. The mAbs could be resolved into 19 clades of antibodies that recognize distinct epitopes present on all major classes of plant cell wall glycans, including arabinogalactans (both protein- and polysaccharide-linked), pectins (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan I), xyloglucans, xylans, mannans, and glucans. The mAb groupings in the resulting cladogram were further verified by immunolocalization studies in Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana) stems. Hierarchical clustering analysis was used to group these mAbs based on the polysaccharide recognition patterns observed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based screen against a diverse panel of 54 plant polysaccharides was used to characterize the binding patterns of these new mAbs, together with 50 other previously generated mAbs, against plant cell wall glycans. ![]() A collection of 130 new plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was generated with the aim of facilitating in-depth analysis of cell wall glycans. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |